Articles

Sharevskaya Bertha (1904–1985) – ethnographer. Doctor in History. She graduated from the Moscow State University;  Since mid 1930s to 1947 - senior researcher at the Central Antireligious Museum (Moscow), the head of the Department of Religion of the Ancient World. After the museum was closed, she went to work at the Institute of History of Ac. of Sc. of the U.S.S.R. (Moscow), in the sector headed by V.D. Bonch-Bruevich. After transformations at the Institute of History, she worked at  the Institute of Ethnography (Institute of Anthropology and Ethnography), Ac. of Sc. of the U.S.S.R. (Moscow). Since the mid 1950s - Member of the Academic Council of the Museum of the History of Religion of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Since the late 1920s she translated the works of foreign scholars from French  for Publishing house  "Atheist"  and  GAIZ  and later for the Foreign Literature Publishing House. The main research field was connected with religions of Africa.

Shcherbatskoy Fedor (1866‒1942) – orientalist, linguist, translator from Sanskrit and Tibetan language. In 1889, he graduated from the Historical and Philological Faculty of the St. Petersburg University. In 1905, he went to Urga (Mongolia) and got a chance to work in book collections of Mongolian Buddhist Monasteries. In the course of that travel, he was the first European Buddhologist who came in touch with Dalai Lama. Since 1918, he was Academician of the Ac. of Sc.; in 1927-1930, he headed the Institute of Buddhist Culture of the Ac. of Sc. of the U.S.S.R..

Sheyn Pavel (1826–1890) – ethnographer, linguist. Since the age of 13, he has been paralyzed and had to use crutches. In 1843-1846, he stayed in the Moscow New-Elisabeth Hospital, where he learnt Russian and German by himself. He did not want to return to his Jewish mestechko in the town of Mogilev, and in 1848, he converted into Lutheranism, which led him to a complete break with his family. In 1851, he finished the German school at the Lutheran church of St Michael; a teacher F. Miller and his family supported S. In 1851-1860, he travelled through Russia and collected folklore.

Shileyko Vladimir (Woldemar Georg Anna Maria) (1891–1930) – orientalist, specialist in Assyriology and Semitology, translator, poet. He was a disciple of P. C. Kokovtsov, B. A. Turaev, and M. V. Nickolsky. In 1909-1914, he studies at the Faculty of Oriental Languages of the St. Petersburg University, but he was excluded because he had not paid for two years. In 1913-1918, he worked at the Hermitage (till 1918 – as free-lancer). Since 1916, he was Correspondent Member of the Moscow Archeological Society; the same year he was awarded with the silver medal of the Russian Archeological Society for his book ‘Votive Inscriptions of Sumerian Rulers’ (1915).

Shirokogorov Sergey (1887–1939) – anthropologist, ethnographer, historian of religion. He studied at the Philological Faculty of Sorbonne, at the High School of Political Economy and Anthropological School (Paris, 1905-1907). Having returned to Russia in 1910, he studied at the Physical and Mathematical Faculty of the St. Petersburg University and at the same time at the Archeological Institute.

Shlyapkin Ilya (1858–1918) – philologist, paleographer, historian of Old Russian art. After the gymnasium he enrolled to the Historical and Philological Faculty of the St. Petersburg University; he graduated from it in 1881, and stayed at the Chair of the History of Russian Literature to prepare himself for the professor position. In 1891, he defended his Master thesis ‘St Dmitry of Rostov and His Time’ and got a position of Ass, Docent. In 1888, he started to teach at the St. Petersburg University; since 1901 – Professor of the Chair of the History of Russian Literature.

Shokhor Vladimir (1902–?) – historian of religion, publicist. He participated in the activities of the Union of Militant Atheists, and, later, in the work of the anti-religious section of the Communist Academy in Moscow, where he joined the group of F.M. Putintsev, who criticized the ‘old school’ of anti-religious Marxists, and actively opposed the head of the section, A.T. Lukachevsky. In 1933, under the leadership of F.M. Putintsev, Sh. took part in the work on the book ‘Lenin's Anthology on Atheism’ (never published). From 1938, he worked at the Central Anti-Religious Museum in Moscow (from 1942, the Central Museum of the History of Religion and Atheism) as Deputy Director for Research Work, supervised the exposition, and research and educational work of the museum. In the second half of 1940s, he had part-time worked at the History and Archival Institute (Moscow). He published his early works under the pseudonym Atey.

Shtaerman Elena (1914–1991) – historian. After finishing secondary school in 1930, she entered a road technical school; in 1932, quitted it and started to work as technical drawer in a project institute. In 1934, she entered the newly organized Historical Faculty of the Moscow State University. After its graduation in 1939, she stayed at the post-graduate courses, at the Chair of the Ancient World (supervisor N. A. Mashkin). In 1942, she defended her Candidate thesis ‘The Crisis of the Third Century in Gallia and Africa’. In 1942-1944, she worked at the Lenin State Library; in 1944, she transferred to the Institute of the History of Material Culture (later – Institute of Archeology of the Ac. of Sc. of the U.S.S.R.).

Shternberg Lev (Khaim Leib) (1861–1927) – ethnographer, historian of religion. After a short learning in yeshiva, he entered the classical gymnasium in Zhitomir and finished it in 1881; then, he passed competition n for the Natural Sciences Department of the Physical and Mathematical Faculty of the St. Petersburg University. He joined the revolutionary group ‘Narodnaya volya’; in 1882, after students’ protests, he was sent home to Zhitomir, In 1883, he enrolled to the Legal Faculty of the Novorossisky University (Odessa).

Skaballanovich Mikhail (1871–1931) – historian of the Orthodox Church, theologian, liturgist. He studied at the Grodno Theological School and the Vilna Theological Seminary (graduated with honors in 1892). In 1896, he graduated from the Kiev Theological Academy, having received the degree of Candidate of Theology (for the essay ‘Explanatory Exposition of the Book of Prophet Ezekiel’). In 1898-1907, he was Ass. Superintendent of the Mariupol Theological School. For his work ‘The First Chapter of the Book of Prophet Ezekiel. The Experience of Explaining’ (1904) S. received Master degree in Theology at the Kiev Theological Academy.