The Ph.D. thesis by M.S. Altmann summarized the results of his previous studies which had been published by the State Academy for the History of the Material Culture and in other publications. The author supported the so called ‘new discipline on language’ and the ‘paleontological method’ by N.Ya. Marr. In his work, A. intensely argued for those theories. The title shows that the main accent was done at the onomastics of Homer, at the specific poetic interpretation of names and proper nouns and the ways of their development through semantic synonymy and antonymics. The author used reconstructions of the sense of nouns – a typical tool of Marr’s studies – and based his considerations at the assonances and etymology, which were not always solid and reliable.