The publication of ‘The Life Book’ was a sequel for the ‘Materials by the History and Studying Russian Sectarianism’ started by V. D. Bonch-Bruevich in his emigration in Britain (Iss. 1-9. Hants, 1901-1905). And following ‘The Life Book’, he published six more issues in Russia (Iss. 1-7. St. Petersburg, 1908-1916). The publication is important because ‘The Life Book’ was the first and voluminous collection of psalms of the sect of Dukhobors, never fixed earlier in a written form. The author also added his own ‘Program for collecting data for studying the Russian Dissent and Sectarianism’. In the preface to that program he called for ‘those people, who were usually called ‘Sectarians’, ‘Dissenters’, ‘Old Believers’’ with a request to help in reading manuscripts in their possession, as well as he asked them to describe their own religious and common-day life. In that program he made an accent at the describing ‘the real household activity of a community or a family’, which was typical for his works on studying Sectarianism – he perceived the phenomenon through the prism of the class struggle and saw in Sectarians a kind of allies in the transformation of the society. It is well known, that B. supported Sectarians in building agrarian communes in the post-revolutionary years. His program differed from other ethnographical programs (for instance, from the program of the Russian Geographical Society) in its accent at the persecutions of religious dissenters. One point was completely centered at the ‘jails, prisons, and monasteries’, where Sectarians were enclosed. He asked to ‘describe the trials, investigations, interrogations, the way to exile, the life in exile; and if they had to leave Russia, to mention the reasons and the character of their life abroad’. Some questions were connected with the position of Sectarians to various political movements. Such approach to studying the life of Sectarians provided a broader picture of reality of specific religious communities and movements, keeping practical aspects, as well. The author tried to understand, what support could be achieved from Sectarians by Social Democrats and Bolsheviks, and whether they could stay allies during the revolution and after it.