The work ‘Arabs, Islam, and Arabic Caliphate in the Early Middle Ages’ is a fundamental research by Soviet Arabist, historian Eugeny Aleksandrovich Belyaev. The author starts with the history of Byzantium before the shaping of Islam on the Arabian Peninsula, with a detailed description of social relations, religious processes, geographical and economical state of the empire. Not less detailed is the following description of the Sasanian Iran. A serious benefit of the book is a list of sources and publications in Russian and European languages structured in thematic order. Particularly, the author gives a survey of the economics, social system and common-day life, geographical situation, cultural peculiarities, and religious conceptions of Arabic peoples just before the Islam. Then, he characterizes the role of Mecca and Quraysh of the pre-Islamic period, discussed not so successful activity of the first Moslems, their moving to the oasis Yathrib – Medina. The author describes the life of the Moslem community in Medina, its opposition to people of Mecca, the expulsion of Judaic tribes from the oasis. He also gives a detailed characteristic of the reign of the four first righteous caliphs, the dynasty of Umayyad and Abbasids.