“Works on Buddhism” were a collection of studies by an outstanding Russian Buddhologist O.O. Rosenberg; it contained his lecture ‘On the Worldview of Contemporary Buddhism at the Far East’, made at the First Buddhist Exhibition in Petrograd in 1919; there was also the most important research text by R., his book ‘Problems of the Buddhist Philosophy’, a part of his more broad research ‘Introduction into the Buddhist Studies on the Base of Japanese, and Chinese Sources’. The place and significance of that book in the history of Russian Buddhist studies depends on the fact, that R. was one of the first who set a question of the Buddhist philosophy as an important part of Buddhism as a whole. Earlier, researchers did not take the Buddhist philosophy as a certain phenomenon. The author offered to analyze “the common Buddhist philosophic layer, which shaped numerous schools of Buddhism”, a kind of “a common denominator” of all Buddhist schools and movements. On his opinion, studying of the Buddhist philosophy should be a necessary basement for any studies of the Buddhist ideology, in general. The publication contains a number of the basic methodological principles, formulated by R., and later accepted in Russian Buddhist studies, particularly, an idea that the philosophic interpretation of a text, and the knowledge of the traditions of its comments should lay in the basement of studying the Buddhist literature and doctrine; he demanded to distinguish ‘folk’ and ‘scholastic’ Buddhism; he wrote that a researcher should study Buddhist doctrines “from the inside”, i.e. through reading those Buddhist texts where the philosophical component of Buddhism was expressed in the most clear and complete form. The methodology of R. was used in the analysis of such source, as a compendium of the Buddhist philosophy of Hinayana — a treatise AbhidharmakoÅ›a by Indian philosopher of the fourth century Vasubandhu, where the sense and the content of the main Buddhist concepts and categories had been explained.