This work is a separate issue of a public lecture by Panteleimon Krestovich Juze (1871-1942), publ. in the magazine ‘Pravoslavnyi sobesednik’ (Orthodox Interlocutor). The author characterizes a difficult situation, in which Christians are in the East, under the reign of Turks. He sees the reason of such position in the Islamic influence at the policy of the Turkish government, because – in spite of any possible opinions and wishes of Sultan – he must be guided with instructions of the Quran and Sunnah. The author evaluates the times of Prophet Muhammad and the righteous caliphs (Caliph Umar) as rather difficult for Eastern Christians, because hard limitations were laid on them, and for the sake of keeping their confession they had to pay additional tax. But the situation got much harder after the conquest of Constantinople by Turks. The author describes certain manifestations of the slavery position of Christians in the Ottoman Empire, using samples from official repost of British consul. He also characterizes the structure of the Turkish state and makes stress on its Moslem character in all aspects. In th conclusion, he answers at the question, whether it is possible to overcome the fanaticism of Turks to Eastern Christians, and if it is possible, with what means. He comes to the conclusion, that the only possible solutions would be ‘a complete liberation of Christians from the Moslem yoke, and it could put an end for their centuries-long sufferings, and all other measures only deteriorate the situation. The author believes, that Russia ought to take on this mission.